Small scale agroforestry systems in north-east India are unique in terms of the complex biodiversity of both the agricultural produce and the adjoining biotic components, and thus, are excellent models for sustainable production system. The structure and biotic composition of the systems offer inbuilt sustainability and potential for reduced dependence on chemical fertilizers and pesticides. Maintenance and potential role of natural enemy complex in various compartments of such systems are discussed in the light of land use practices and holding size.