Comprehensive overview of BRCA1 in breast cancer: molecular mechanisms, multi-omics approaches, and therapeutic strategies

Priyanka Namdev, Vignesh Krishnasamy, Ashok K. Varma, Nachimuthu Senthil Kumar

Science Vision 26 (1), 3-12 | Published on 11 June 2026 | https://doi.org/10.33493/scivis.26.01.02

Abstract

BRCA1 is a tumor suppressor gene which is involved in repair of DNA, regulation of cell cycle, support of genome stability and other crucial physiological highlights. Numerous hereditary and natural variables are included in breast cancer advancement over different social orders. Among all of these factors in families with a history of breast cancer all through a few periods, hereditary genes, like inclining qualities to create this malady, ought to be considered more, since transformations within the BRCA1 and BRCA2 essentially increment the chance of breast and other cancer. Early discovery of transformation carriers in these genes, in turn, can play a vital part in its avoidance. Additionally, treatment approaches for BRCA1-associated breast tumors have demonstrated encouraging success, including PARP inhibitors, platinum-based chemotherapy, and newly developed targeted treatments. This review, summarize the molecular roles of BRCA1, its connection to the pathophysiology of breast cancer, existing therapeutic approaches, and recent multi-omics findings. It is anticipated that a more thorough integration of multi-omics data will enhance clinical outcomes and personalized treatment for patients with BRCA1 mutated breast cancer.

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